Publication
Nonlinear observer for online concentration estimation in vanadium flow batteries based on half-cell voltage measurements
Journal Article (2024)
Journal
Computers and Chemical Engineering
Pages
108664
Volume
185
Doc link
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2024.108664
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Authors
Projects associated
Abstract
This paper presents a nonlinear observer to estimate the active species concentrations in vanadium flow batteries. To conduct the estimation, the observer relies only on current, flow rate and two half-cell voltage measurements. In contrast to previous works in the field, the proposed observer is capable to deal simultaneously with two significant and challenging conditions: (1) a not necessarily high flow rate, which results in different concentrations for tanks and cells, and (2) presence of crossover and oxidation side reactions, that result in imbalance between the electrolytes on the positive and negative sides of the system. The stability and convergence of the observer are formally demonstrated using a Lyapunov analysis and subsequently validated through comprehensive computer simulations. Finally, utilising the information provided by the observer, a strategy to independently regulate the flow rate of each electrolyte based on their individual state of charge is developed.
Categories
control nonlinearities, control system analysis, observability, power system control.
Author keywords
Vanadium flow batteries, Nonlinear observer, State of Charge, Battery monitoring, Electrolyte imbalance
Scientific reference
T.P. Puleston, A. Cecilia, R. Costa and M. Serra. Nonlinear observer for online concentration estimation in vanadium flow batteries based on half-cell voltage measurements. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 185: 108664, 2024.
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