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Kinematics and Robot Design Image

The KINEMATICS AND ROBOT DESIGN group carries out fundamental research on design, construction, and motion analysis of complex mechanisms and structures. These devices are parallel manipulators, multi-fingered hands, reconfigurable mechanisms, or cooperating robots, to name a few, but they appear in other domains too, as mechanistic models of locomotive organisms, molecular compounds, or nano-structures.

Head of line: Josep Maria Porta Pleite

Head of line

Tech. transfer

Our activity finds applications in several fields through collaboration with our technological partners

Research projects

We carry out projects from national and international research programmes.
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Robot design and construction

The group designs and constructs innovative mechatronic devices mainly based on parallel architectures. Our developments include the "Wrenchpad" (a six-axis tactile pad), an original air-pumped positioning table, several tensegrity-based robots, a pentaglide, several variations of the Gough-Stewart platform kinematically equivalent the octahedral manipulator, and a twelve degree-of-freedom ameba-like robot.

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Research area 1 of Kinematics

Position analysis of multi-loop linkages

The group develops techniques for linkage position analysis, i.e., for computing all possible configurations that a linkage can adopt, while respecting the kinematic constraints imposed by its joints. The problem finds applications to robotics (direct and inverse kinematics of serial/parallel robots, cooperative manipulation, and closed-chain motion planning), structural biology (conformational analysis of biomolecules), multibody dynamics (initial position and finite displacement problems), and computer-aided design (variational CAD and assembly positioning). The group works essentially along two different approaches, one based on relaxation techniques (see the CUIK project), and the other based on the deduction of characteristic polynomials using Distance Geometry.

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Research area 2 of Kinematics

Motion planning

The group also develops methods for closed-chain motion planning. In Robotics, for instance, this problem appears in motion planning for parallel manipulators, in object manipulation with anthropomorphic hands, in constraint-based object positioning, or in surgery or humanoid robots. The problem also appears in Biochemistry, when searching for low-energy paths between different molecular conformations. In all cases, a number of loop-closure constraints give rise to a configuration space of a complex structure on which standard algorithms for motion planning cannot be directly applied. The group addresses this problem using higher-dimensional continuation methods that allow characterizing the configuration space in an incremental way.

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Research area 3 of Kinematics

Singularity analysis

Singularities play a prominent role on understanding of a robot's configuration space. Depending on their nature, singularities give rise to dexterity or controllability losses and thus are to be avoided during the normal operation of a robot. They may, however, give rise to mechanical advantage too - i.e., to the transformation of small joint torques into large end-effector forces - which may be beneficial on specific applications. Also, output singularities provide the boundary of the workspace, which is a useful information for the robot designer. As a consequence, the group is developing new geometric tools that allow characterizing and computing the various singularity loci of a manipulator, either for classes of parallel mechanisms, or for general multi-body systems.

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Research area 4 of Kinematics

These are the latest research projects of the Kinematics and Robot Design research line:

These are the most recent publications (2019 - 2018) of the Kinematics and Robot Design

  • S. Sarabandi, A. Perez and F. Thomas. On Cayley's factorization with an application to the orthonormalization of noisy rotation matrices. Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras, 29: 49, 2019.

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  • A. Shabani, S. Sarabandi, J.M. Porta and F. Thomas. A fast branch-and-prune algorithm for the position analysis of spherical mechanisms, 15th IFToMM World Congress on Mechanism and Machine Science, 2019, Krakow, Poland, in Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, Vol 73 of Mechanism and Machine Science, pp. 549-558, Springer.

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  • R. Bordalba, L. Ros and J.M. Porta. A randomized kinodynamic planner for closed-chain robotic systems. Technical Report IRI-TR-19-02, Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, 2019.

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  • S. Sarabandi and F. Thomas. A survey on the computation of quaternions from rotation matrices. Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, 11(2): 021006, 2019.

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  • P. Grosch and F. Thomas. Parallel Robots With Unconventional Joints. Kinematics and Motion Planning. Volume of Parallel Robots: Theory and Applications. Springer, 2019.

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  • E. Celaya. Solution intervals for variables in spatial RCRCR linkages. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 133: 481-492, 2019.

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  • F. Simao, F. Martínez-Jerónimo, V. Blasco, F. Moreno-Noguer, J.M. Porta, J. Pestana, A. Soarez, D. Raldúa and C. Barata. Using a new high-throughput video-tracking platform to assess behavioural changes in Daphnia magna exposed to neuro-active drugs. Science of the Total Environment, 662: 160-167, 2019.

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  • J.M. Porta, N. Rojas and F. Thomas. Distance geometry in active structures. In Mechatronics for Cultural Heritage and Civil Engineering, 115-136. Springer, 2018.

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  • S. Sarabandi and F. Thomas. Accurate computation of quaternions from rotation matrices, 16th International Symposium on Advances in Robot Kinematics, 2018, Bologna, Italy, in Advances in Robot Kinematics 2018, Vol 8 of Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics, pp. 39-46, 2019.

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  • S. Sarabandi, P. Grosch, J.M. Porta and F. Thomas. A reconfigurable asymmetric 3-UPU parallel robot , 4th International Conference on Reconfigurable Mechanisms and Robots, 2018, Delft, Netherlands, pp. 1-8.

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  • R. Bordalba, L. Ros and J.M. Porta. Randomized kinodynamic planning for constrained systems, 2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2018, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 7079-7086.

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  • R. Bordalba, J.M. Porta and L. Ros. A singularity-robust LQR controller for parallel robots, 2018 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2018, Madrid, pp. 270-276.

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  • R. Bordalba, L. Ros and J.M. Porta. Randomized planning of dynamic motions avoiding forward singularities, 16th International Symposium on Advances in Robot Kinematics, 2018, Bologna, Italy, in Advances in Robot Kinematics 2018, Vol 8 of Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics, pp. 170-178, 2019.

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  • S. Sarabandi, A. Perez-Gracia and F. Thomas. Singularity-free computation of quaternions from rotation matrices in E4 and E3, 7th Conference on Applied Geometric Algebras in Computer Science and Engineering, 2018, Campinas, Brazil, to appear.

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  • J.M. Porta, S. Sarabandi and F. Thomas. Angle-bound smoothing with applications in kinematics, 5th IFToMM Asian Conference on Mechanism and Machine Science, 2018, Bengaluru, India, to appear.

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  • A. Makhal, F. Thomas and A. Perez. Grasping unknown objects in clutter by superquadric representation, 2nd IEEE International Conference on Robotic Computing, 2018, Laguna Hills, United States, pp. 292-299, IEEE.

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  • J.M. Porta and F. Thomas. The forward kinematics of doubly-planar Gough-Stewart platforms and the position analysis of strips of tetrahedra, 16th International Symposium on Advances in Robot Kinematics, 2018, Bologna, Italy, in Advances in Robot Kinematics 2018, Vol 8 of Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics, pp. 124-132, 2019.

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  • J.M. Porta and F. Thomas. Yet another approach to the Gough-Stewart platform forward kinematics, 2018 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2018, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 974-980.

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Kinematic and Robot Design Laboratory

The Kinematics and Robot Design Laboratory was created thanks to the financial support of the VALTEC program, co-financed with FEDER funds, of the Autonomous Goverment of Catalonia. It was initially created to validate the practical interest of our parallel robot designs, but it has rapidly derived into an active lab where the prototypes designed by the researchers of the Group of Kinematics and Robot Design are implemented as proofs of concept.

Kinematic and Robot Design Laboratory
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